Java Program to Encode a Message Using Playfair Cipher

This is a java program to implement playfair cipher algorithm. The Playfair cipher or Playfair square is a manual symmetric encryption technique and was the first literal digraph substitution cipher.

Here is the source code of the Java Program to Enode a Message Using Playfair Cipher. The Java program is successfully compiled and run on a Windows system. The program output is also shown below.

package com.maixuanviet.setandstring;
 
import java.util.Scanner;
 
public class PlayfairCipherEncryption
{
    private String KeyWord        = new String();
    private String Key            = new String();
    private char   matrix_arr[][] = new char[5][5];
 
    public void setKey(String k)
    {
        String K_adjust = new String();
        boolean flag = false;
        K_adjust = K_adjust + k.charAt(0);
        for (int i = 1; i < k.length(); i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < K_adjust.length(); j++)
            {
                if (k.charAt(i) == K_adjust.charAt(j))
                {
                    flag = true;
                }
            }
            if (flag == false)
                K_adjust = K_adjust + k.charAt(i);
            flag = false;
        }
        KeyWord = K_adjust;
    }
 
    public void KeyGen()
    {
        boolean flag = true;
        char current;
        Key = KeyWord;
        for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++)
        {
            current = (char) (i + 97);
            if (current == 'j')
                continue;
            for (int j = 0; j < KeyWord.length(); j++)
            {
                if (current == KeyWord.charAt(j))
                {
                    flag = false;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (flag)
                Key = Key + current;
            flag = true;
        }
        System.out.println(Key);
        matrix();
    }
 
    private void matrix()
    {
        int counter = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++)
            {
                matrix_arr[i][j] = Key.charAt(counter);
                System.out.print(matrix_arr[i][j] + " ");
                counter++;
            }
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
 
    private String format(String old_text)
    {
        int i = 0;
        int len = 0;
        String text = new String();
        len = old_text.length();
        for (int tmp = 0; tmp < len; tmp++)
        {
            if (old_text.charAt(tmp) == 'j')
            {
                text = text + 'i';
            }
            else
                text = text + old_text.charAt(tmp);
        }
        len = text.length();
        for (i = 0; i < len; i = i + 2)
        {
            if (text.charAt(i + 1) == text.charAt(i))
            {
                text = text.substring(0, i + 1) + 'x' + text.substring(i + 1);
            }
        }
        return text;
    }
 
    private String[] Divid2Pairs(String new_string)
    {
        String Original = format(new_string);
        int size = Original.length();
        if (size % 2 != 0)
        {
            size++;
            Original = Original + 'x';
        }
        String x[] = new String[size / 2];
        int counter = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < size / 2; i++)
        {
            x[i] = Original.substring(counter, counter + 2);
            counter = counter + 2;
        }
        return x;
    }
 
    public int[] GetDiminsions(char letter)
    {
        int[] key = new int[2];
        if (letter == 'j')
            letter = 'i';
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++)
            {
                if (matrix_arr[i][j] == letter)
                {
                    key[0] = i;
                    key[1] = j;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        return key;
    }
 
    public String encryptMessage(String Source)
    {
        String src_arr[] = Divid2Pairs(Source);
        String Code = new String();
        char one;
        char two;
        int part1[] = new int[2];
        int part2[] = new int[2];
        for (int i = 0; i < src_arr.length; i++)
        {
            one = src_arr[i].charAt(0);
            two = src_arr[i].charAt(1);
            part1 = GetDiminsions(one);
            part2 = GetDiminsions(two);
            if (part1[0] == part2[0])
            {
                if (part1[1] < 4)
                    part1[1]++;
                else
                    part1[1] = 0;
                if (part2[1] < 4)
                    part2[1]++;
                else
                    part2[1] = 0;
            }
            else if (part1[1] == part2[1])
            {
                if (part1[0] < 4)
                    part1[0]++;
                else
                    part1[0] = 0;
                if (part2[0] < 4)
                    part2[0]++;
                else
                    part2[0] = 0;
            }
            else
            {
                int temp = part1[1];
                part1[1] = part2[1];
                part2[1] = temp;
            }
            Code = Code + matrix_arr[part1[0]][part1[1]]
                    + matrix_arr[part2[0]][part2[1]];
        }
        return Code;
    }
 
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        PlayfairCipherEncryption x = new PlayfairCipherEncryption();
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("Enter a keyword:");
        String keyword = sc.next();
        x.setKey(keyword);
        x.KeyGen();
        System.out
                .println("Enter word to encrypt: (Make sure length of message is even)");
        String key_input = sc.next();
        if (key_input.length() % 2 == 0)
        {
            System.out.println("Encryption: " + x.encryptMessage(key_input));
        }
        else
        {
            System.out.println("Message length should be even");
        }
        sc.close();
    }
}

Output:

$ javac PlayfairCipherEncryption.java
$ java PlayfairCipherEncryption
 
Enter a keyword:
Sanfoundry
Sanfoudrybceghiklmpqstvwxz
S a n f o 
u d r y b 
c e g h i 
k l m p q 
s t v w x 
Enter word to encrypt: (Make sure length of message is even)
Learningcenter
Encryption: acndogrmegavgd